Healthcare in Montenegro for expats - guide to the Montenegrin Health System

Montenegro has been gaining popularity among expats due to its scenic landscapes, rich history, and relatively affordable cost of living. However, when considering relocating to a new country, one of the most crucial aspects to assess is its healthcare system. 

For expats living in Montenegro or those planning to move, understanding how healthcare works, whether public or private, is essential. This guide explores all the necessary information about Montenegro healthcare for expats, to make it as easy as possible for those coming to this country to navigate the system.

Montenegro Healthcare System Overview

Montenegro’s healthcare system operates on a social health insurance model, which was revised in 2022 to be fully funded by taxes. As cited on the official website of the government of Montenegro, currently, over 95% of the Montenegrin population is covered by this system. The Ministry of Health, the Health Insurance Fund, and public and private healthcare institutions share responsibilities in providing medical services nationwide.

The organisation of health care in Montenegro is structured into three tiers: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary care is delivered through general practitioners (GPs) and family doctors, while more complex cases are referred to specialist clinics or hospitals. The Clinical Centre of Montenegro, the country’s primary referral hospital, provides tertiary care, which includes highly specialised treatments.

Montenegro is actively enhancing its healthcare system with support from the European Union (EU), focusing on improving institutional capacities and further advancing the quality of healthcare services. This collaboration reflects the country’s commitment to providing safe and efficient medical care for all citizens.

Is Healthcare Free in Montenegro?

Healthcare in Montenegro is free at the point of delivery for those insured under the social health insurance system. However, there are out-of-pocket expenses for certain medications, diagnostic tests, and elective procedures that national health insurance may not fully cover. For those who do not have residency or health insurance, the costs of medical treatments can be significantly higher, making private health insurance an option.

Public Healthcare in Montenegro

Montenegro’s public healthcare system operates across a comprehensive network, including 18 health centres, seven general hospitals, three specialised hospitals, and the Clinical Centre of Montenegro, which serves as the country’s leading referral institution for advanced treatments.

Expatriates are entitled to emergency medical care, with costs covered by the individual unless otherwise specified by international agreements. Certain groups, such as asylum seekers, individuals under subsidiary or temporary protection, and foreign diplomats, have additional healthcare entitlements outlined in Montenegrin law.

This structure ensures that residents and eligible individuals have access to essential services and specialised care when needed.

Private Healthcare in Montenegro for Expats

In recent years, the private healthcare sector in Montenegro has grown considerably. Expats often prefer private healthcare for its quality of services, shorter waiting times, and access to more modern medical equipment. Private clinics and hospitals are primarily concentrated in urban centres such as Podgorica, Tivat,  Kotor, and Budva, with facilities catering specifically to the needs of foreign residents and visitors.

Porto Montenegro introducing Poliklinika Milmedika was one significant development in healthcare in Montenegro. Milmedika in Tivat provides various services catering to locals and expats, including general practice, diagnostics, and specialist consultations. With state-of-the-art equipment and a focus on high-quality patient care, this facility has quickly become a top choice for expats living in or visiting the Porto Montenegro area.

Additionally, Milmedika operates in line with international healthcare standards, ensuring that expats receive the care they expect from private healthcare facilities in their home countries.

A bar chart illustrating the number of individuals receiving health care benefits, highlighting varying levels of access.

Health Insurance in Montenegro for Expats

If you are living in Montenegro as an expat, you will have several options regarding health insurance. The Montenegro healthcare system offers public health insurance for residents, and private health insurance is also available for those seeking additional coverage.

Public Health Insurance in Montenegro

Expats with residency permits who are employed in Montenegro generally contribute to the country’s social health insurance system through salary deductions. These contributions grant them access to public healthcare services similar to those available to Montenegrin citizens, including free or low-cost consultations, treatments, and prescriptions in the public system.

However, public health insurance may not cover all medical expenses. Certain medications, diagnostic tests, and specialised treatments may require additional out-of-pocket payments or supplemental insurance. For instance, while primary emergency care is covered, more advanced medical procedures or treatments may not be fully reimbursed.

Private Health Insurance in Montenegro

Obtaining private health insurance can be an option for expats who seek additional healthcare coverage or access to private medical facilities in Montenegro. It may include services not covered by the public system, such as private hospitals and clinics, shorter waiting times, and specialist treatments. Several international health insurance companies offer plans suitable for expats living in Montenegro, making it easy to secure the level of coverage needed for peace of mind.

It is recommended to compare plans from multiple providers to ensure the best fit for your medical needs and budget.

Does Montenegro Accept the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC)?

Currently, Montenegro is not a member of the European Union, and as such, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) is not accepted for healthcare services in the country. 

However, Montenegro continues to strengthen its ties with the EU and has been actively aligning its healthcare policies with European standards. While the EHIC is not valid at the moment, this could potentially change in the coming years as Montenegro progresses toward EU membership.

In the meantime, Montenegro maintains bilateral healthcare agreements with several countries, including Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Turkey, and others, allowing citizens of these nations to access certain healthcare services under the public health insurance system. Visitors from EU countries are advised to secure appropriate health insurance or consider private options during their stay.

For updates on healthcare agreements and potential changes, monitoring official government announcements and EU negotiations is recommended. (gov.me)

Two individuals stand beside a clipboard displaying a check mark, symbolizing task completion or agreement.

Medical Facilities in Montenegro

Montenegro offers a mix of public and private medical facilities. While the public sector provides essential healthcare services, private hospitals and clinics are generally preferred by expats for their superior service, modern equipment, and shorter waiting times. Some of the critical healthcare facilities in the country include:

  • Clinical Centre of Montenegro (Podgorica): The largest medical facility in the country, providing tertiary care and specialist services.
  • General Hospitals: Located in cities like Kotor, Bar, Cetinje, and Nikšić, offering secondary healthcare services.
  • Private Clinics: Facilities like the Milmedika Polyclinic in Tivat offer comprehensive healthcare services emphasising quality care for expats and international visitors.

Expats in Montenegro often find that private clinics, especially those in tourist areas, offer services in English, making it easier to navigate the healthcare system. Moreover, the increasing number of healthcare providers catering to the international community ensures that expats receive a higher standard of care.

Montenegro Healthcare for Families - Pregnancy, Childcare, and Paediatric Services

Understanding the healthcare services available for pregnancy, childbirth, and paediatric care is essential for families living in Montenegro or planning to move. Public healthcare in Montenegro offers comprehensive antenatal and postnatal care, including regular check-ups, ultrasound services, and childbirth in state hospitals. 

While public hospitals offer competent maternity services, many expats choose private clinics for more personalised care, shorter waiting times, and access to modern facilities.

Private hospitals and clinics, such as Polyclinic Milmedika in Tivat, are equipped to provide high-quality care throughout pregnancy and childbirth, offering additional comforts such as private rooms, experienced specialists, and English-speaking staff. 

Paediatric services are widely accessible in both the public and private sectors, with routine check-ups, vaccinations, and emergency care available for children. 

Overall, Montenegro ensures reliable healthcare options for families, with an increasing number of private facilities designed to meet the specific needs of expat families.

How Will Living in Montenegro Benefit Your Health?

Living in Montenegro can offer numerous health benefits, mainly due to the country’s natural environment and lifestyle. Montenegro boasts clean air, a Mediterranean climate, and access to nature, all of which contribute to physical and mental well-being. 

Montenegro’s weather – with a mild climate and over 200 sunny days a year– encourages an active outdoor lifestyle. Activities such as swimming in the Adriatichiking in the mountains, or engaging in water sports along the coast promote a healthy lifestyle. Fresh, locally grown food is abundant, promoting a healthy Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and seafood. 

The relaxed pace of life can also helps reduce stress levels and improve mental health, so many also choose to retire in Montenegro. Moreover, smaller towns’ strong sense of community provides emotional support, contributing to a higher quality of life. For expats seeking a healthier lifestyle, Montenegro perfectly balances natural beauty, outdoor activities, and an excellent opportunity for a wellness lifestyle.

Healthcare in Montenegro is crucial for expats living in or moving to the country. While the public healthcare system offers essential services, many expats choose private healthcare for quicker, more comprehensive care. 

Whether through public health insurance or private coverage, ensuring access to adequate healthcare is a priority for a smooth transition to life in Montenegro. With the proper planning and health insurance coverage, expats can rest assured that they will be well taken care of in Montenegro.