Montenegro’s Citizen by Investment program, initiated in 2019, allowed foreign investors to obtain Montenegrin citizenship through a special economic scheme. This program, announced on October 1, 2018, and effective from January 1, 2019, was designed to run until December 31, 2021.
It offered Montenegrin citizenship to up to 2,000 foreign investors, requiring a combination of government donations and investments in approved development projects, such as real estate or business ventures, particularly in tourism, agriculture, wood processing, and fisheries.
The program was structured to promote economic development, with specific investment thresholds based on the region of Montenegro—€250,000 in less developed northern areas or €450,000 in more developed southern regions, alongside a mandatory €100,000 government fee. Applicants must also pay various fees and meet eligibility criteria, including no significant criminal record and positive due diligence results.
Montenegro’s appeal included future EU membership and its low tax policies, with no requirement for physical residence. However, the program officially closed in 2023, and alternative citizenship programs are recommended for those interested. Additionally, Montenegro offers residency options through investment and naturalisation, but these require more extended residency periods and fulfilling specific conditions.